Sunday, July 13, 2025

In Memory of Bugs and Those Who Loved These Tiny Creatures: Bugs Memorial Service in Kenchoji Temple, Kamakura 建長寺虫供養

 


How to visit Kenchoji Temple 建長寺 must be in any tourists’ guide for Kamakura. So, I just start from the main gate of the Temple. We arrive there by walking from JR Kitakamakura Station 北鎌倉駅or by bus from Kamakura / Ofuna Station. We enter the gate and pay 500 yen for the fee. Immediately before us is the temple complex where monks pray, meditate and instruct us during Zen meditation sessions. Please check the map inside the Temple here. Could you notice there is a road going north to Hansohboh 半僧坊 on the north-west side of the complex? When we walked Miura Alps from Yokohama side, Hansohboh was one of the goals and we walked through the Temple Complex to the JR station. At that time, Kenchoji Temple did not charge us entrance fee from Hansohboh. Alas, no more. Bank of Japan ended "unprecedented monetary easing," and one of the main issue for the coming Upper House Election (7/20) is inflation. There is no reason for Zen monks being uninterested in the matter … Anyway, the Memorial for Bugs does not ask us to reach Hansohboh.

From Kitakamakura Station to Kenchoji Temple

The main gate for Kenchoji Temple

Please pay the entrance fee there.

Inside the sanctuary

This road is to Hansohboh.

We walk a small commuter road, pass several houses which are residences for monks, then the road becomes wider but in a full forest. The steps over there will lead us to Hansohboh. Turning our eyes to the left, there is a small bank with bamboo forest. Please walk up a bit and find the way to enter this petite hill. You’ll recognize several installations with sculptures of insects over there. That’s the bugs’ memorial authored by Kengo Kuma. Combined metallic cages are surrounded by bushes of azalea. In the middle of the cages is a sculpture for a weevil. Weevil? Oh yeah, they are the beloved insects by Prof. Takeshi Yoroh. Outside the cage there are sculptures for a dragonfly, a stag beetles, several weevils, and a jewel beetle. Those outside the cage are, I would say, beautiful and some have a nice size and curvature for becoming a bench …

The commuter road becomes wider
when the forest becomes “in honest.”
Please take the left way.

To Hansohboh

A petit hill for the Memorial

The entrance to the Bugs’ Memorial

A stag beetle

Here is another.

Weevil #1

Weevil #2

Another weevil.
I think weevils are really loved by the Professor.

A jewel beetle.
Hm, it’s a bit tricky to sit on it.

A dragonfly.
All the sculptures are beautiful, don’t you think?
 It’s LOVE, mate.

… It looks sorry … in the cage …

The Memorial is decorated with white azaleas.


On June 4th, I arrived at the Memorial before noon. No sign of religious ceremony at all. Several people were unsurely meandering around the installation. I joined them for a while, and felt nervous if the ceremony was over already. Eventually, a murmur spread. “The service starts at 14:00.” Relieved! I decided to have lunch. There is no café inside the sanctuary, but just outside the main gate, there is a famous café, Tenshinan 点心庵 where they serve Kenchinjiru Soup by the traditional recipe from Kenchoji Temple. (We can go there if we ask at the gate to return the sanctuary after lunch. They will tell you you keep the half-ticket for the entrance and show it when you return.) Kenchinjiru is a pure vegetarian, nay vegan to be exact, soup created more than 700 years ago by zen monks of Kenchoji Temple. The endorsement and reference recipe from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries is here! Now the menu is one of the standards for Japanese home or otherwise cooking. If you do not mind lunch without meat, please try. I love this soup. Oh, they serve meat if you choose such a menu for lunch. + The evening is for only one party with reservation per day. Later I learned monks, Prof. Yoroh and his friends always dine there after the service for bugs. So, every June 4th, evening at Tenshinan is taken and no chance for a newcomer muscle in the schedule. 😉

Kamakura Tenshinan

Inside the café,
they have a special room for zen tea ceremony
where they occasionally hold tea ceremony.
For the schedule, please check their HP.

After lunch, I returned to the memorial place around 13:00. Already lots of people were there. I guess there were more than 100 of us. An alter table and folding chairs were situated in front of the cage. Several monks were busy perfecting the alter. Around 14:00, Prof. Yoroh, Mr. Kuma, and their entourage slowly came into the alter space in the forest. It was said that Prof. Yoroh of the great age has lung cancer. He was scheduled to be hospitalized soon. He walked slowly, and perhaps his daughter (; she takes after the professor) supported his walk. His troop sat on the rows of folding chairs. Then, the Head of Kenchoji Temple entered the space and took the podium. The service began.

Many people near the altar

The altar. This is a serious thing, you know.

Monks are busy.

Prof. Yoroh and the monks for Kenchoji Temple

The professor and friends

Telling you the truth, I could not understand a word from the mantra in Sanskrit the Head of the Temple recited. I was sure the chant is soothing the souls of bungs that were crushed between our fingers so far. The Head had low and calming voice. We quietly stationed in our space, sometimes closed eyes, and listened the monk’s saltation. It was a meditative experience in the forest ... After completing the recitation, the monks performed the praying ritual at the altar, then Prof. Yoroh took the podium. “Thank you for coming to remember these creatures. We did not advertise the occasion, but such many people attended our memorial. It is a great surprise.” He expressed his passion for insects and bugs, told us his several challenges of old age, and concluded “I wish I could hold the same memorial next year after discharged from the hospital.” Oh dear … The Professor’s speech ended and he and his associates approached the altar and performed Buddhist’s praying ritual. The monks for Kenchoji Temple announced it was our turn to pray at the altar. We proceeded to the table one by one and prayed for bugs, and for Prof. Yoroh. The Professor has lots of enthusiasts. Many people from all around Japan visited Kenchoji Temple on June 4th to share the same time and space with him. All the attendees of the Ceremony listened to his news and had a concern. We hoped we can have the same memorial service next year.

The Head of Kenchoji Temple reciting the mantra

The sermon

Professor’s speech

And they performed the ritual.

Our turn

The queue was long …

It was a sunny afternoon before the summer solstice. The air was soft, and the space surrounded by the forest was cozy. The mantra recited by the Head of the Temple gave a further meditative atmosphere. If bugs could listen to that, they could be comforted as well. These days, Kamakura is becoming a theme park for tourists with noisy hustle and bustle. But the space around the Memorial was curiously serene. On that June 4th a bit peculiar kind of people who loved bugs congregated without advertisement. If you have sympathy for bugs which are casually wasted by larger living things, spending a reflective day next to the Memorial would be nice. Me? The internet fortune teller once told me my next reincarnation will be a bug. I was serious about attending the occasion. Amen. Whoops, it’s a Buddhist ceremony!



Kenchoji Temple 建長寺

8 Yamanouchi, Kamakura
247-8525, Japan

〒247-8525 神奈川県鎌倉市山ノ内8

Phone: 0467-22-0981(8:30-16:30) 

Sunday, July 6, 2025

Bugs Day: Mushi-no-Hi 虫の日

 


Yep, humans celebrate our longevity on our birthdays. How about the other creatures? I’m sure there would be many special days, if not for birthdays. International Rabbit Day is 4th Saturday of every September (; 27 September 2025 this year). Insect Day is internationally organized by Greencity Solutions of IPBES, and it was April 3rd this year. Royal Entomological Society has just completed their annual Insect Week, this year for 23-29 June. Both are of scientific interest stating a clear agenda for environmental conservation. We Japanese have a similar titled day, Mushi-no-hi of June 4 every year. It is not advocated by academia, but originally by a group of enthusiasts. And it gives us a unique event on that day. This week and next, I will tell you about my adventure on June 4th this year.


To begin with, the reason why in Japan 4th of June is for bugs is a rhyming game. The day was publicly declared by Japan Insects Club in 1988. The Society was not of academia, but founded by Osamu Tezuka, the father of Japanese anime authored Phoenix, Astro Boy, etc. His pen name, Osamu 治虫, comes from Osamushi, or Carabinae for Japanese. He was an insect loving boy. Insects Club has too an agenda to promote the cohabitation between bugs and humans, just like IPBES and RES. But the approach for the matter is very anime. June is called “Minazuki 水無月” in old Japanese. Phonetically, Mi = “Mizu 水” or water, Na = “無”, and Zuki = “月” or month. Before global warming days, Japanese June was the month for monsoon rain filling rice paddies with rainwater. In old Japanese “Na” means “of.” So, “Minazuki” means the “Month of Water” for cultivating rice. Reasonable. But “無” normally means “nothing” and pronounced “Mu.” In this pronunciation, June 4th is “Mu-Shi” where “Shi” = 4, and “Mushi” in Japanese means bugs. Got it?


In 2018, Takeshi Yoroh 養老孟司, an anatomist and Prof. Emeritus for Tokyo University applied Japan Anniversary Association 日本記念日協会 to make June 4th (a sort of) official Day for Bugs. Prof. Yoroh also is an insect boy, letting his summer house in Hakone filled with specimen bugs he collected during 80+ years of his life. Dr. Yoroh said he wants to say thank you to these creatures who donated their body as specimens to help humans to understand nature, and to make Tezuka’s idea official. He has done another thing to advance the agenda. He asked his friend Kengo Kuma 隈研吾, the architect for Japan National Studium (aka Olympic Stadium), to build “Memorial” for bugs in a religious institution … very Japanese … They achieved their mission in Kenchoji Temple 建長寺 in Kamakura 鎌倉. Every June 4th since 2015 Prof. Yoroh hosts a special service for bugs in front of the memorial in Kenchoji Temple. It’s called “Mushi-kuyoh 虫供養.” Do you remember Kenchoji Temple was the goal / entrance to Miura Alps (; my post on April 29, 2016)? As such, the Memorial for Bugs in Kenchoji is in the middle of the forest of the sanctuary. The service is defined as religious opportunity presided by the head of Kenchoji, and it is not “advertised” to the public. Still, it is open for everybody to attend. To join the service, it is needed a sort of knack. Let me explain it next week.


Oh, I really have to mention this. Mushi-Kuyoh 虫供養, or Bugs’ Memorial is not the invention of Prof. Yoroh. This is old Japanese rural tradition whose written record can be going back to around 900 AD. Traditionally, villagers hold memorial service in autumn for departed souls of bugs after they harvested rice. Agriculture is a continuing battle with the creatures that can eat up the produces before they reach human table. Inevitably “massacre” of insects et al is a daily activity for food production. In many places Japanese have been feeling sorry for this and ask local religious institutions, Buddhist temple and/or Shintoism shrine, to hold the service after the harvest. You can ask AI when and where such service will be held this autumn. The tradition has a modern twist. Nowadays, insect loving kids who lament the passing of their summer pets of insects can ask their parents to hold “official funeral” and record the name of their passed-away friends in the list for such Bugs Memorial. In a more formal setting, Japanese makers of insecticide such as Earth Corporation, Kincho, or Fumakilla preside an annual service in dead serious ways as a part of their business activity. Prof. Yoroh’s way would be the 21st century evolution of Japanese tradition. Stay tuned for the next week!


Kenchoji Temple 建長寺

8 Yamanouchi, Kamakura
247-8525, Japan
〒247-8525 神奈川県鎌倉市山ノ内8

Phone: 0467-22-0981(8:30-16:30) 

Sunday, June 29, 2025

Celebration with a tree: Yokohama’s Commemorative Tree Planting Programme 横浜市人生記念植樹

 


This year’s monsoon season in Yokohama (called “tsuyu” in Japanese) could be very short. We’re already having baking sun for 30+°C every day. Harsh. Such days of sunshine powered by global warming ... Shadows made by tall enough trees nearby are really soothing. I guess when we lived daily lives sans trees, it would make us think to plant some tree even if it is a potted one. At least in Yokohama, the City Hall has a scheme to help the idea. The service is called “Commemorative Tree Planting Programme 人生記念植樹.”


The service goes like this. Twice a year, the city has a couple of days to distribute several kinds of seedlings from nurseries in Yokohama. The most basic qualification for receiving the municipal goodie is a person who claims the tree is a legal resident in Yokohama. In Japan, this means you or your family register yourself as a resident of the municipality (in this case, the City of Yokohama), and paying city tax as a household. i.e. NO nationality asked. We have to plant that tree in Yokohama. The way you plant it is not asked. You live in a condo in Yokohama without garden, but you have your lanai capable of keeping a pot. Perfect! It’s OK you plant your tree in a pot … Er, the size of a pot is at least 30cm in diameter, I think (from the size of a tree, please see below photos). Then, when one of your family members celebrates below occasions, you can ask the City a tree.

  • Birth
  • Starting preschool
  • Matriculation to any school (; this one I find VERY Japanese ... not graduation, you see?)
  • Coming of Age
  • Starting new job
  • Wedding (for newlywed up to diamond+ marriage; sorry, one seedling per couple)
  • Age-related celebrations (; it’s to congratulate senior citizens for their longevity when a person reaches the age of 60, 70, 77, 80, 88, 90, 99, and 100.)
  • Moving into the City of Yokohama 
  • Building your home in Yokohama


We have to make a reservation for this. It could be done by mail (; application form is available in the Ward Office of your address, or downloadable from their HP), or directly from HP. Currently, the booking is open for Fall 2025 distribution till August 29. You register yourself for a seedling, then you pick up the tree in one of the distribution sites you registered. The City does not mail the seedlings, so you have to go on site during one of the days of distribution. That’s the source of complaint for some busy Yokohama people ... But I think it’s a reasonable condition. How much could it cost to post a living seedling? All the seedlings are funded by taxpayers! Blah, Blah, Blah.


The tree species distributed can vary each year. The scheme is made possible by helps from nurserymen of JA Yokohama. They have a large say which seedling can be distributed at a particular schedule. As they are professionals, they provide a tree that can be planted relatively easily in Spring/Autumn of Yokohama. Also, they know market trends so that these days olives and blueberries are provided for distribution. There is a cherry tree whose name is Yokohama-hizakura. This is the only cherry in Japan that has a name with Yokohama. The tree was developed by nurserymen in Yokohama in 1972, and obtained in 1985 the legal variety registration based on Plant Variety Protection and Seed Act. It won’t be big as Jamazakura or Somei-Yoshino. The shape of flowers is the same as Somei-Yoshino, but whose color is pinker. It‘s lovely cherry for a private garden of urban environment. Here is the list of seedlings for FY2025.

  • Blueberry
  • Olive
  • Fragrant orange colored olive
  • Hydrangea macrophylla
  • Yokohama-hizakura cherry
  • Chimonanthus praecox
  • Japanese maple
  • Enkianthus perulatus
  • Lady Bank’s rose
  • Reeve's spiraea
  • Sacred bamboo

The seedlings provided for June 2025 distribution.
Could you figure out the size?
The nurserymen recommended a large enough pot
 if you plant it in them.

The service pot for giving out.
Caution:
the number of the pot is limited
and so
 it was distributed first-come-first-served base.

The origin of this project goes back to 1966. Originally it was a part of baby shower in which the municipality jumped in to celebrate a new citizen of Yokohama, hoping the baby and family would begin to treasure the greenery of neighborhood. At that time, the family of a baby received a partial subsidy to plant a tree in one of these municipal parks. The reaction from Yokohama people was so-so. Money matters aside, to see their tree people had to visit a park that was not necessarily near their home. In 1977, the city introduced the current style of distribution: the city subsidizes 100% for a seedling, and lets the people plant wherever they choose, provided it is legal. Now, on average roughly 6000 seedlings are handed over each year.

One of the distribution centre for June 2025,
i.e. the atrium of City Hall.
On that day
there was also a farmers’ market next to the distribution table.

Sadly, the scheme itself is not much known. More than 60% of citizens of Yokohama live in condo-type housing. i.e. A house with a garden is not a majority. People do not think they are eligible to receive a seedling from the City + don’t know how to nurture a tree (; my post on November 24, 2024). For technical concerns, when we receive a seedling the members of JA Yokohama give us advice how to plant and how to nurture. But the most fundamental issue for the City is how to communicate with the people for this program. By simple math, since 1966 approximately 36 million seedlings have already been distributed in Yokohama to make our community comfortable with trees. On the other hand, Yokohama is a city for 3 million people. 36 million for 60 years is … there is a room for improvement, I guess. Do you have any plans to collaborate for this programme to make our backyard greener? Please visit the HP of the scheme. The next distribution date is October 24-26.


If you have any questions about Yokohama’s Green Tax and Green Up Plan, please make a contact with

Strategic Planning Division, Green Environment Bureau, City of Yokohama
横浜市みどり環境局戦略企画課

Phone: 045-671-2712
FAX: 045-550-4093 

Sunday, June 22, 2025

After thought: Odawara Sogamae to defend Odawara Castle, VI 小田原総構



Come to think of it, forest as a defense system can be found in other parts of the world. The most recent and famous should be Ho Chi Minh Trail of Vietnam. At that time the only way Americans could think of breaking the line was massive usage of air force. Intensive bombardment and agent Orange ... Were they effective? Nope. Probably, the role of forest, especially rain forest of tropical or otherwise, is VERY important … If there were dense rain forest in Ukraine, Palestine, Iran, … the history of the planet would be different … sigh*

Temperate rain forest of bamboos in Sogamae

Saying such thing as a Japanese would be hypocritical. During Sino-Japanese War, Japanese army was loathed by Chinese people not only by their cruel killing, but also massive deforestation. Recently, I’ve read a book reporting that Emperor Akihito, now retired, studied very well for such matters under his father’s reign. The author of the book is Masayasu Hosaka 保坂正康 who during the 2010s “chatted” unofficially with the Emperor and Empress and allowed to make some contents of the conversation public. Mr. Hosaka and another “tea-friend” of the Emperor, Kazutoshi Handoh 半藤一利, told the Emperor the episode of Colonel Kizoh Yoshimatsu 吉松喜三 who operated in China during Sino-Japanese War. The Emperor eagerly requested to hear the story. It goes like this. After the troop of Colone Yoshimatsu cut down one tree, the Colonel ordered his troop to plant seedlings as a sort of compensation before advancing. His troop even ended up with constructing several parks in Inner Mongolia with trees such as cherries and poplars. His subordinates loved their boss. And even Chinese people evaluated his deed positively. After August 1945, he was interned in China for a while and ordered “to continue commanding his afforesting troops.” The Chinese Government issued a thank-you letter to him for his troop’s activity. Wow.


Well, we don’t have to be the Emperor to be impressed by the episode. Forest has power for peace!


For enquires about sightseeing in Odawara City,

General Incorporated Association, Odawara Tourism
一般社団法人 小田原市観光協会

250-0042 350-1, Hagikubo, Odawara City
〒250-0042 小田原市荻窪350番地の1 小田原合同庁舎内2階

TEL:0465-20-4192
FAX:0465-20-4194