Unintended Consequences, downtown version: Carlit Forest カーリットの森 1

 

Yokohama is a port city. Our downtown spreads near Tokyo Bay. To be exact, when we, citizens of Yokohama, think “downtown,” it’s in Tsurumi 鶴見, Kanagawa 神奈川, Nishi 西, Minami 南, Naka 中, and Isogo 磯子 Wards. Borderline case is Hodogaya 保土ヶ谷 Ward. This is the area where Tokaido 東海道, i.e. National Route 1, Metropolitan Expressway and bypasses to Tomei and Ken’oh Expressways run in the middle. Those roads are the major Japanese arterials. The reason why it is so is, during the Tokugawa Shogunate Period, the Ward was the area for a post-town, called Hodogaya-shuku 保土ヶ谷宿 (please see my post on November 4, 2016). There, Feudal Lords of the 17th-19th Centuries were ordered to spend at least a night during their journey to/from Edo, aka Tokyo, to meet their boss, i.e. Shogun. Inevitably, the place established its status as a transportation hub. It continues to be so even in the 21st century. During Japanese industrial revolution from the 1880s to the 1960s, many corporations had their factories and offices in Hodogaya Ward along Tokaido. One of them was Japan Carlit Corporation. In 1919, they started to have a large factory for explosives in the area spreading between Hodogaya and Asahi 旭 Wards.

To this direction for IC entering Metropolitan Expressway …

During the 1960s when Japan had a break-neck economic growth, Tokyo and Japanese population got larger and larger. That was the time when Yokohama solidified its status as Tokyo’s commuter town. Real bayside of Yokohama had gigantic industrial and port complexes, and so they maintained inorganic scenery. Hodogaya had a different story. Yep, still along the Route 1 there remained lots of large businesses (e.g., Sony), but off the industrial road, housing developers were busy to create suburbia. The factory of explosives faced an awkward situation, eventually enclosed by multilayers of ordinary houses. In 1995 Japan Carlit sold the land to the City of Yokohama and moved the plant to their larger facility in Gun’ma Prefecture 群馬県. Interesting thing is, as the place was once for explosives, the former corporate campus had a large artificial forest. Let me explain.

Japan has Explosives Control Act 火薬取締法. It strictly regulates structural plans of explosives factories in order to minimize the effect of accident, just in case. So, to build the workshop, Japan Carlit landscaped their land complying legal requirement. For example, the law says such-a-such process of explosives making must be underground; no lateral corridor is allowed between Process A and Process B, and so on. The company built artificial hill and drilled the foot of synthetic rise for isolated tunnels leading to each independent manufacturing floor. “The workplaces are now underground, aren’t they? Legal requirement is observed.” In addition, the Act demands the business to cover such factories not only with soil, concrete, bricks, etc., but also lots of vegetation to mitigate the possible blast wave reaching to the outside. The manufacturing facility had gone, but those afforested flora remained, or to be exact, thrive over the now-empty workplaces. They became Carlit Forest.

A human created hill for explosives factory

An entrance to one workshop floor.
 In order to move to the next room, people used …

minecarts ran by lead storage battery.
The tracks were built in artificial valleys
 between the elevations.

Now inside of a tunnel is like this.

The forest surrounded the factory, early spring 2022.

So, Carlit Forest was originally created not for agricultural purposes, or for protecting ecosystem. Whateva. The place now is one of the few greeneries in downtown Yokohama. The Forest was first opened in 2011 as Tachibana Hill Park たちばなの丘公園 for the area where the main remnants of the factory and offices stood (er, well, went underground). The rest of the Forest is divided into two parts; one is Ichizawa Citizen Forest 市沢市民の森, and another is nature reserve. Tachibana Park and Ichigaya Citizen Forest are very relaxing space. Next week, I tell you the access etc. for Carlit Forest. Pls. stay tuned! 😊

If you find a problem in the greenery of north-half of Yokohama, please make a contact with

Office for the Park Greeneries in the North
北部公園緑地事務所
Yokohama Municipal Government Creative Environment Policy Bureau
横浜市環境創造局
Phone: 045-311-2016
FAX: 045-316-8420

Resilient: Asarum nipponicum F.Maek. var. nipponicum in Kanagawa’s forest カンアオイ

 

Do you know Asarum nipponicum F.Maek. var. nipponicum? It’s Japanese endemic plant, and secretly popular among aficionados of such things. Actually the family crest for Tokugawa Shogunate was designed from Asarum caulescens, aka Aoi, a relative of Asarum nipponicum. Asarum caulescens is also used as a motif for the crest for Kamo Shrines 賀茂神社 in Kyoto, and for the name of Aoi Festival on every May 15th, one of the three biggest festivals of Kyoto. Maybe, this strange plant has something to do with unconscious aesthetics for Japanese culture ... oh, quite unfortunately, COVID-19 cancelled this year‘s Aoi Festival again, 3 consecutive times ... In some sense, it‘s very “main stream” plant. If you know them, you can find them even in city parks of Megalopolis Tokyo. I know at least 3 city parks having them. I won’t tell you where, though, to protect them. 😉 There is one caveat for this plant to live in a city park: the place for Asarum nipponicum and its relatives must be undisturbed by human intervention for a very long time. When we find them in a park where lots of transplanted garden species are competing for the eyes of visitors, that particular 50cm * 50cm space happens to be unruffled. There is a reason why it must be so: their lifestyle.

Young Asarum caulescens Maxim.

The crest for Tokugawa Shogunate

The crest for Lower Kamo-shrine

The crest for Upper Kamo-shrine

Let‘s start from the anatomy of Asarum nipponicum. They have only a short stem that crawls underground. Their leaves and flowers sprout from it. It looks like they come out directly from the floor. Flowers have 3 calyxes that look like petals. The calyxes construct a jar structure which contains only stamen and pistil without petal. The color of calyx is very dark purple or purple brown which can easily fool our eyes in dark forest floor. Moreover, the flowers often hide behind the leaves. We simply wonder how they procreate in such extreme understatement of their sex appeal. Some say they smell nice. I never find so. One theory says they emit chemical that would attract crawling insects such as ants. Well, OK. They can bear seeds, then. The next question is how they sprout. Their seeds have elaiosome, just like violets, which is tasty for ants et al. The bugs can come to bite elaiosome and carry seeds of Asarum. The seeds of Asarum nipponicum may find a new territory … If they cannot find such a kind driver to move around, their seeds will sprout very near their parents. Since the plant is almost pasted on the forest floor, their seeds cannot go much far. Prof. Fumio Maekawa (1908-1984) 前川文夫 of Keio University estimated for Asarum nipponicum to move 1km, it will take 10 thousand years. Phew. It means, when we find a bunch of Asarum nipponicum in a park, they must have procreated on that spot and their seeds are sprouting right next to the ancestors for a very long time. Corollary: the place has not been disturbed for quite some time. Got it?

Asarum pseudosavatieri F.Maek.;
Heterotropa savatieri Franch. subsp.
 pseudosavatieri (F.Maek.) T.Sugaw.

A flower of Asarum pseudosavatieri F.Maek.

Conversely, when the ground is upset, the standard lifestyle of Asarum nipponicum is disrupted. That might be a reason several sub-species of Asarum nipponicum is in the danger of extinction. In Kanagawa prefecture, there are 7 kinds of Asarum nipponicum identified. So far, I’ve seen 4 of them in Tanzawa mountains 丹沢. Asarum caulescens Maxim., Asarum blumei Duch.; Heterotropa blumei (Duch.) F.Maek., Asarum nipponicum F.Maek.; Heterotropa nipponica (F.Maek.) F.Maek., and Asarum pseudosavatieri F.Maek.; Heterotropa savatieri Franch. subsp. pseudosavatieri (F.Maek.) T.Sugaw. All looked pasted on a very steep scree slope of Tanzawa. I simply wonder how they sustain their species in such a fragile soil ...

Asarum blumei Duch.; Heterotropa blumei (Duch.) F.Maek

Asarum nipponicum F.Maek.;
Heterotropa nipponica (F.Maek.) F.Maek.

Then I noticed. In Tanzawa, they often spread vertically. One Asarum nipponicum is over there high on the slope, then a new Asarum is sprouting on the side of trekking road. From our foot they continue to the down-slope. I guess when water run down or ground collapse over the steep slope, the seeds of Asarum hitch the flow and go downhill from their parents place. Their spread may show the way the earth and water move … It is impressive sight. These tiny leaves (and flowers) are using the characteristics of the environment they find to continue their species. They are so resilient despite of their physical limitation. That’s something.

Spring this year in Tanzawa.
Up there of the slope there are lots of
  Asarum pseudosavatieri F.Maek.

T

Then, Asarum pseudosavatieri casually come down
 to our foot along the trekking road of Tanzawa.

They‘re down there.

The existence of 7 kinds of Asarum nipponicum in Kanagawa Prefecture is endorsed by Flora-Kanagawa Association 神奈川県植物誌調査会. This group of scholars and citizen volunteers maintains continuous field research to record the species observed in the prefecture. They publish Flora of Kanagawa roughly once in 10 years, reporting the result of their study. The latest version is in 2018 神奈川県植物誌2018. In pp.222-227 of 2018 version, they discuss Asarum nipponicum in Kanagawa Prefecture. Their activity and publication are authoritative in Japanese botany world. Flora of Kanagawa is often cited as a sort of benchmark for flora in the other prefectures. If you’re interested in the topic, you can download the entire 2018 version from here. Mr. Teruo Katsuyama 勝山輝男 I introduced you in my posts (here and here) for Hakone Sengokubara 箱根仙石原 was the leader for creating Association in 1979. Their idea was revolutionary establishing the system of collaboration between the academia and citizen volunteer researchers. Mr. Katsuyama is a superstar in Kanagawa Prefecture.

It’s two shots of Asarum pseudosavatieri F.Maek.
 and Asarum caulescens Maxim.

Speaking revolutionary movement for protecting greenery in Japan, I‘ve got an enquiry from Altamont about the first national trust approach in Japan by Kamakura Trust 鎌倉風致保存会 for Oyatsu 御谷. Kamakura Trust was registered as juridical foundation in December 1964. After that, the Trust became the driving force to establish the Ancient Capitals Preservation Law 古都保存法 of 1966. They then purchased the land behind Tsurugaoka Hachiman Shrine 鶴岡八幡宮 in June 1966. About the story of the movmenet, it would be much to do with Jiro Osaragi (1897-1973) 大佛次郎, a writer who spent whole his life in Yokohama and Kamakura. He was a very popular writer and had lots of powerful connections for the movement. The supporter of Kamakura Trust includes Nobel Prize winner Yasunari Kawabata 川端康成 who lived in Kamakura. For the detail, it may help to ask Kamakura Trust (link here), and Jiro Osaragi Museum (link) near the Port of Yokohama. ESD Academy that promote SDGs edu in Japan also makes a special page for their movement here. I think all these organizations have capacity to communicate in English. They may help you to know the detail.

If you find environmental issues in Kanagawa Prefecture, please make a contact with Kanagawa Natural Environment Conservation Center 神奈川県自然環境保全センター

657 Nanasawa, Atsugi City, 243-0121
〒243－0121　厚木市七沢657
Phone: 046-248-0323

You can send an enquiry to them by clicking the bottom line of their homepage at http://www.pref.kanagawa.jp/div/1644/

Sound of Silence: In search of Japanese Night Heron in Yadoriki Water Source Forest やどりき水源林

COVID-19 has changed the way people move around. It is said that many people living in downtown are now seriously considering emigrating to rural area. We’ll see if such thing materializes. One thing I’ve personally heard is, experts who had nomadic life in deep mountains as mountaineering guide or similar occupation have adjusted their way of life to “New Normal.” I know a famous guide for Mt. Fuji has now a dual life on the foot of Fujiyama and in a residential area near Niiharu Citizen Forest 新治市民の森. Another guy who helped mountaineers to Mt. Everest has returned to Japan and established a dual life as a community organizer in mountainous community of western Kanagawa Prefecture, and as a mountain cottage manager for one of the peaks of Tanzawa 丹沢.

One such people who decided to settle in Kanagawa, or to be exact Yadoriki community 寄 is Mr. Tomonobu Akiyama, a professional wildlife photographer who’s flying around the world to get rare moments of nature’s wonder, especially of big cats. After he bought an old traditional house in Yadoriki in 2020, he investigated the area and started field research for Japanese dwarf flying squirrel. There are not many experts for this cute creature on this planet. No systematic study has done for them. Kanagawa Forest Instructors Association has started a serious discussion about possible collaboration with Mr. Akiyama to investigate the species especially in Yadoriki Water Source Forest やどりき水源林. And, there is another wildlife Mr. Akiyama has spotted in Yadoriki. It’s Japanese night heron, an endangered species categorized by IUCN.

Japanese night heron is a migratory bird. They spend their autumn and winter in Philippines, coastal area of southeast China, and Taiwan. In early spring they take their annual long-distance travel to Japan in order to have a family and nurture their offspring. When their kids grow adult-enough, the entire family fly back to warmer part of the planet. Once, they were ubiquitous in Japanese rural area where lots of rice paddies provided enough catch, like insects and frogs, for their hungry babies. Asian economic development reduced the environment for their idyllic life in Japan, Philippines and China. At this moment, it is said that there are about 2000-3000 individuals counted in Japan. The number of places people can find the birds are getting smaller and smaller. In order to derail their way to extinction, we must first make it sure the place they are planning to have families. It then can be started to plan restoration of environment for the night heron. That’s the idea of Mr. Akiyama. He collected information about Japanese night heron in western Kanagawa Prefecture. There are several hearsays, like “I think I’ve seen them in such-a-such place,” “I guess that’s their last year’s nest on that bough,” or “I’ve heard their tweet.”

The herons move to Japan normally in the first half of April. When they arrive in Japan, the male night herons start to tweet at the beginning of evenings, normally from 30 minutes to one hour after the night fall. They have a soft and low hoo-hoo voice. They are appealing to females to mate. The dating will be completed roughly within 1 week of their arrival. The first voice we can spot after the sunset should be from the point nearest to a possible nest for hatching eggs. When a male has found his partner, he stops tweeting and a couple construct their nest normally on a bough of broad-leaved tree. They sit on their eggs until they hatch. The babies become teenagers by the end of June. They then begin trainings for long-distance international flight. Sometimes, lonely soul may tweet even in August, but the possibility of such male Japanese night heron having their offspring is quite low. So, when we can spot their voice in April, the probability for this endangered species procreating at that point is higher. Since last year, Mr. Akiyama organizes April event with an army of volunteers to wait quietly for the voice of Japanese night heron. If many people collaborate to record such incidence at one particular date and time, the accuracy of the search for Japanese night heron will be improved. This year is his second trial, and we Kanagawa Forest Instructors joined his endeavor. Why not helping endangered birds? We’re forest instructors!

er, it’s not bird, but boar who dug this place in Yadoriki forest.

The reason the birds are on the endangered list is dwindling number of traditional rice cultivating community. In order to record the evidence of their existence it would be wiser for volunteers sit near remaining rice paddies. But the information Mr. Akiyama has collected suggesting more mountainous life of Japanese night herons in Yadoriki Water Source Forest. Maybe, just maybe, they could not find a suitable environment for their kids near more urbanized rice paddies in Kanagawa Prefecture. (Oh-so-modern parenting …) They might have changed their traditional life near Japanese farmers to more remote areas in deep mountains. Thus, a request came for Forest Instructors who are familiar with Yadoriki Water Source Forest. Herons tweet when the forest gets pitch dark. When the research is done in deep mountains, it would be safer to ask people who know the place well, you see? In one weekend of this April, we joined Mr. Akiyama’s event to wait for the tweet of Japanese night heron in Yadoriki forest.

Mr. Akiyama instructed us. “Yadoriki Water Source Forest is not the traditional environment Japanese night herons have their summer. But if you can listen their tweeting, please record the direction the voice comes from. If possible, it would be wonderful recording the voice or taking video of the forest. Please do not go near to the voice itself, though. They are very cagey, especially when they have their eggs and babies. Once they notice some creatures come near to their nest, they abandon warming and nurturing their hatchlings. OK?” We Forest Instructors went in the Yadoriki Water Source Forest in very late afternoon. We dispersed ourselves in a forest, sit and wait at each designated spot where Mr. Akiyama thought the voice of night herons might happen. Each place has registered latitude and longitude. When a volunteer listens the tweet from a direction at one spot s/he stations, we record the time and direction the voice comes, like north or southeast. Somewhere to the direction noted at that point there are places for the heron.

Unfortunately, the weather was not good on that day. It was raining on and off. One moment the rain was like mist, then few minutes later it showered briefly. The afternoon of Yadoriki forest in early April was very cold. I brought in a comfy camping chair, rug, a thermo of hot tea, and chocolate to the place I was assigned. I situated my self in a relaxed position with umbrella and waited for the sunset ... Mr. Akiyama said we must wait until the other birds end tweeting. Japanese night herons love solo recital, not chorus with the others. We sat and waited in a darkening, and occasionally raining, forest.

In the darkening forest, no noise from human settlement came. Instead, from somewhere above, so many kinds of birds were competing each other to attract a proper mate. Is that Blue-and-white flycatcher, or Narcissus flycatcher? Familiar voices of Japanese tit were harmonizing with the call of Eurasian nuthatch. Modest tweet of Grey wagtail were intertwined with singing voice of Varied tit. Coal tit sounded talkative in their own way while Siberian blue robin would be very impatient. I realized an hour or so before sunset was very animated time in Yadoriki’s April. Wild birds are making very comfortable ambient sound … I sat in the forest wrapped in a blanket, and found my mood changed from busy nervousness of downtown to meditative relaxation. That’s … very therapeutic experience. It’s the sound of silence in a forest.

The rain got harder after sunset. That was the time if night heron was/were near us, they started to tweet. Alas, no forest instructors could record Japanese night heron to tweet in Yadoriki in that misty evening. We reported our result to Mr. Akiyama. On that day, in some other two places of Western Kanagawa, the voice of Japanese night heron was recorded. It might be a bit disappointing, but at least I found the experience precious. When another opportunity arises for a similar project, I think I raise my hand to join.

(p.s.) … er, well, I don’t recommend you to be in a dark forest to have a meditation, unless you know the place damned well, or you sit next to a person who’s very familiar to the point. Kanagawa Forest Instructors are thinking to have such event in Yadoriki Water Source Forest for pure visitors … but the Prefectural government, aka the landlord of Yadoriki Forest, does not allow us inviting non-instructors to the forest after dark. Our discussion is continuing. Please cross your fingers for a nice idea to persuade city hall.

If you find environmental issues in Kanagawa Prefecture, please make a contact with Kanagawa Natural Environment Conservation Center 神奈川県自然環境保全センター

657 Nanasawa, Atsugi City, 243-0121
〒243－0121　厚木市七沢657
Phone: 046-248-0323

You can send an enquiry to them by clicking the bottom line of their homepage at http://www.pref.kanagawa.jp/div/1644/

Post-report: Chigasaki Satoyama Park of Kanagawa Prefecture, April 2022, 神奈川県立茅ケ崎里山公園

 

Recently, I happened to have a chance to revisit Chigasaki Satoyama Park. The forest was beautiful with various hues of spring greens. I compared the scenery with my memory of winter grey. It was January when I visited there last time ... I felt a bit strange to be in such a peaceful place under warm spring sun.

Chigasaki Satoyama Park 茅ケ崎里山公園
1030 Serizawa, Chigasaki, Kanagawa, 253-0008
〒253-0008　茅ケ崎市芹沢1030
Phone: 0467-50-6058
FAX: 0467-50-6358

http://www.kanagawa-park.or.jp/satoyama/index.html

Secret Cuisine: Bamboo Charcoal Salt

 

Although charcoal made from bamboo has lower calorie than wood charcoal (and so it’s inferior as energy), it has several usages. Bamboos dead or alive have lots of holes in their body. After we bake them into charcoal, it keeps its porous property with numerous micro-holes. When a material is porous, its surface area is far larger than its appearance. For 1g of wood charcoal, the average superficial area is 200-400 m2. For 1g of bamboo charcoal, it’s 700 m2. Smelly molecules wafting in the air would be plugged in the nano pits from which is difficult to escape. The more porous, the more space to capture molecules. Purifying power of bamboo charcoal > Power of wood charcoal. Got it? People are studying to utilize such characteristics to make sustainable activated carbon for industrial use. Or, it can be used for cooking. There are several charcoal products that can be used for cooking rice. How-to is simple. Wash charcoal with tap of water sans soap, dry them well, throw it in a rice cooker above rice and water, and cook it as usual. Chemically treated tap of water will be purified by bamboo charcoal, and the taste of cooked rice is softer and N-I-C-E. We can do the same with the highest-grade wood charcoal, but the cost performance we get from cheaper bamboo charcoal can beat the luxurious Binchotan 備長炭. Not bad, huh?

Charcoal Baking Hut, Spring 2022,
Niiharu CitizenForest 新治市民の森

Niiharu Lovers bake bamboo charcoal since its inauguration some 22 years ago (; my posts on March 3 and 10, 2017). We sell them as a fund-raiser to support our forest maintenance activity. Having said that, we cannot peddle our product good for rice cooker. Reason? In Japan in order to sell any food the supplier must hold business license based on Food Sanitation Act. Yap, we do not eat charcoal itself when we use bamboo charcoal for rice cooker. But the minerals of charcoal will inevitably dissolve in water and absorbed by cooked material. On the other hand, Niiharu Lovers do not have money, or more precisely, enough sales to cover license application fee to sell our bamboo charcoal for cooking. i.e. We cannot market Niiharu’s bamboo charcoal for food. But it does not stop us to use personally our product for cuisine. Japan is a free country! Using our charcoal for rice cooking privately is a start. Then one day, I found there is another gastronomy fun to bake bamboo charcoal. That’s about salt. It’s Bamboo Charcoal Salt.

Preparing for the charcoal baking kiln

I’m sure porous property of bamboo trunk should do wonder when we make bamboo charcoal salt. The way to baking bamboo charcoal salt is easy, as long as you have an access for bamboo charcoal kiln. It goes like this.

Ingredients: Nice sized bamboo trunk, salt. And just in case for the salt bursting out from the bamboo, I used aluminum foil, small pebbles from Yadoriki, and hemp string for a cap.

First, punch inside of bamboo trunk to pierce node(s) of bamboo, except the lowest knot that will be the bottom of a “bamboo vessel.” I made a hole and washed the whole bamboo with running tap of water. You see, it will contain food …

Next, stuff the bamboo with salt. I used crude salt that is used to pickle vegetables in Japan.

I precautionarily made room at the top of bamboo pipe to stuff the pebbles in case the contents boiling over. In retrospect, that was not a problem in the end. But in order to protect the product from charcoal dust, the cap was useful.

Here, the cap, typical tuff of Tanzawa Mountains including lapillistone, on aluminum foil.

We capped the above prepared bamboo vessel with another bamboo piece.

It then stuffed in the kiln with the other bamboos for baking.

We simply fired the kiln as usual (; my post on March 3, 2017). When we opened the lid of the kiln, the salt staffed bamboo trunk looked like this. Here we go! How did it turn out …?

The bamboo vessel simply lost the shape of pipe after baked in 800-900+Co for 24 hours. But the mass of salt was kept in a sort of cup of bamboo pipe like this. Could you see on our left there is a cap part? I mean, baked pebbles and aluminum foil. It was a sort of impressive scenery for me. Tanzawa’s tuff was made from volcanic activity. Especially the greenish lapillistone was cooled lava. It did not kept its color after charcoal baking …

The lower part of the vessel turned into baked salt.

I threw away the pebble and aluminum part of the contents and ground the rest. Here! Bamboo Charcoal Salt!

According to Google search (for example, here, here and here), the recipe for bamboo charcoal salt was first created by Buddhist monks in Korean Peninsula some 1300 years ago. They bake salt in a bamboo trunk capped by loess, with fire from pine logs. The whole process takes 3 months, and the baking is done 9 times. I wonder how they keep the bamboo vessel during the process. Bamboos will crumble just after one trial ... Anyway, their aim was / is to create medicine. When such precious drug came to Japan, the recipe was modified. No loess, and logs are chosen from our backyard forests, not limited to pines. In the 21st century, several makers in Noto Peninsula 能登半島 provide this special salt about 1000 yen for 100g salt (for example, here). It is served in the exclusive restaurants in Japan for Tempura and Sashimi. I tried my product and found certainly the edge of regular salt has gone. The heat reached to the stuffed salt via miniscule holes transferred the essence of bamboo to the salt. It smells like hot spring egg. So, for sure we have to choose for which dish we can use this salt. But, for example, fried veggies go superb with this salt! Niiharu Lovers secretly shared the product after baking the last bamboo charcoal for this season. Our portion is like 3 tablespoons per person … we are treasuring it and waiting for the next charcoal baking season. Ahem! We are law abiding citizens. This salt is for us only, Not For Sale 😉.

If you find a problem in the greenery of north-half of Yokohama, please make a contact with

Office for the Park Greeneries in the North
北部公園緑地事務所
Yokohama Municipal Government Creative Environment Policy Bureau
横浜市環境創造局
Phone: 045-311-2016
FAX: 045-316-8420