Showing posts with label Broadleaf trees. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Broadleaf trees. Show all posts

Friday, September 11, 2015

Intermission: Cooking acorns


Now we are approaching to the season of acorns. So, in this post, I report my cooking adventure of acorns last year. Actually, I nurtured my ambition for eating acorns that can be found very easily in almost any forests of Yokohama. They looked so appetizing. My ambition grew year by year … 


There were several excavations of prehistoric settlements in Japanese archipelago where researchers found numerous evidences of our ancestors eating nuts, acorns inclusive. Meanwhile, some of my friends told me their mums warned not to cook or eat acorns since “They are bad for your memorizing skills!” Hmmmmmmmmmmm … are they a kind of tranquilizer? Another friend taught me eating acorns are quite common and traditional in Tohoku area of Japan and in Korean peninsula. The most traditional Korean recipe is dotorimuk (or tot'orimuk), i.e. acorn jelly, she said. Well, at least, they are edible, then. Last year, a book was published from Yamakei Library, titled “I’ll be a stone-age man!” written by Hideki Sekine (2014,ヤマケイ文庫「縄文人になる!縄文式生活技術教本」関根秀樹著). There, Sekine explains how to cook acorns. Хорошо! So, I followed his instructions at first …

1. I collected acorns.
I’ve been to the forest of 2014 Art Exhibition in the Forest of Yokohama, and collected acorns of sawtooth oaks for about 2kg. That forest had many other acorns as well, but I thought large acorns of sawtooth oaks were “cost effective.” It was INDEED so.

Sawtooth oaks
and beneath.
There was one of the installations for 2014 Exhibition,
“Wind Communicator”
by Katsuyuki Ishiyama and Takeshi Fududa.

2. I washed acorns.
At this stage, I discarded acorns with cracks and warm holes.



3. I soaked acorns in fresh water for 3 days.
I changed water in the morning and evening. I thought peeling the skin of acorns would be similar to peeling the skin of chest nuts. Some of those worms within the acorns came out and drowned. Amen.

Water became brownish, though transparent.

4. I peeled the skin of acorns, and soaked the skinned acorns in fresh water again for about 1 week.
What I learned: Acorns are very hard to skin. All of my fingers got blistered, and the scars remained until spring. In the process, I beheaded several worms hided within the nuts … Amen, amen. I changed water every morning and evening as before.


5. When the water became somehow less brownish, I crashed the acorns in the food processor, and soaked the acorn meals again for a week.
I several times strained the meal by cheese cloth, and returned them to the clean water. Up to this point, it was as written in the book. The water became somehow transparent in the morning after a week or so, but still brownish, which Sekine did not mention. So, I decided to take the matter in a different direction from the book.

The water was murky
immediately after soaking the acorn meal.
A week later

6. I decided to boil the acorn meals.
The acorn meals rendered lots of lye. So probably what I did was not that bad.

The pan was full of lye. 
7. When the pan reached to the boil, I removed it from the heat, and strained the acorn meals with cheese cloth. 
After letting it cool, I stored it in a Ziploc bag. 2kg acorns became 650 g acorn meal.

Immediately after heating
Acorn meal in a ziploc
(er, well, IKEA bag, really)

The acorn meal I made was probably too coarse for making dotorimuk; it did not settle. I mixed it with agar powder for the muk. The taste was … very light (or “no taste at all”). It was strange because the acorn meal itself remained somehow oily after boiling. It may be because of agar. I did not use all the acorn meal for dotorimuk. They kept well in the freezer, and I used the remaining meal for “Acorn Bread” later in winter. I substituted bananas with acorn meal for the standard recipe of banana bread. The bread had a distinctively nutty flavor, which was different from any other bread. Success!

But … reaching to this point, I found myself not being tempted to collect acorns to eat any more … I still had aching fingers with scars of blisters. I now know why many of our ancestors stopped eating acorns … we are impatient bunch. People in Tohoku and Korea are awesome!



Friday, September 4, 2015

Developing: Kawawa Citizen Forest 川和市民の森


I mentioned in my first post that there are 42 Citizen Forests in Yokohama. True, but 7 of them are not yet open for the public, as of September 2015. For the remaining 35 Forests, 7 of them have opened in the last 3 years. I.e. roughly 30% of the Yokohama Citizen Forests are VERY new. Kawawa Citizen Forest 川和市民の森 is one of those babies. It opened its “gate” in April 2014. As such, 4 ha Kawawa Forest does not have an official web-site or a link to the map. Though, it seems to me the Forest will be a part of a nice half-day walking destination within few years. It is developing.


Kawawa Citizen Forest is the only Citizen Forest in Tsuzuki Ward 都筑区 currently. It’s located near Kawawa Station of Yokohama Municipal Subway Green Line. We leave the station from the South Exit by going down the steps. Then, the forest is just over there, in less than 10 minutes’ walk from the station. From this direction, the Forest is beyond a farm land and a cemetery. There is a tombstone with the date of the 1860s. The village around here was relatively new. Tsuzuki Ward itself is full of new towns, including Kohoku New Town 港北ニュータウン, one of the mega-residential developments in metropolitan Tokyo, where young families are building their lives. On the other hand, the Ward has the largest agricultural population in Yokohama. So, it’s a bit strange that Kawawa Forest is the only Citizen Forest in Tsuzuki. Actually, Tsuzuki Ward is preparing for another Citizen Forest, Ikebe Citizen Forest 池辺市民の森, in the southwest of Kwawawa Forest. I suspect the City is waiting for Ikebe Forest to be ready before providing us official internet links and the like to Kawawa Forest. Although such things are new around Kawawa Forest, between Kawawa and Ikebe Forests, there is pre-historic remains that is called Kagahara Remains 加賀原遺跡 in Tsukidematsu Park 月出松公園 (in front of the Yokohama Lab of KYOCERA). According to the Board of Education of Yokohama, the remains could date back to 2500 BC. People are living in the area for millennia. When Ikebe Forest is open, a walk for Kawawa Forest, Tsukidematsu Park, and Ikebe Forest would be a fun. Things are developing now. 

Going down this steps from the Station,
then, the Kawawa Forest is over there on the right
 (when facing to the direction of
Tsuzuki Fureai no Oka Station of the Subway).
Vegetable fields and a cemetery in front of the Forest
Tsukidematsu Park.
Excavation was done in 1977,
and the remains are now returned underground.
So, at the moment, the only map of Kawawa Forest I can provide for you is this one.

Map of Kawawa Forest
As it’s a new Citizen Forest, everything in the forest is new, including small trees planted probably quite recently. The road is simple and gentle for our knees to walk. The Forest is a hill of 4 ha. At the top, there is an open place surrounded by bamboos and large sawtooth oaks. The top of the hill also has a picnic table. So the trekking road of Kawawa Forest is first climb up to the open space, and then go down to the foot of the hill. In the middle of the road on the side of the City Subway station, there is a wooden deck where in a fine day we can see Tanzawa Mountains and Mt. Fuji.

Up from the entrance, Kawawa Station side

Bamboos and oaks,
a typical combo in Kawawa Forest
Everything is new here.
Though, trees are high.
When I go there, Mt. Fuji was under the cloud.
At the top of the hill
Basically, Kawawa area is comprised of farm lands and residential areas so that the Forest itself is very quiet and calm. I found many sawtooth oaks and their green acorns in August. I guess, before the area provided lots of foods for animals, humans inclusive. Japanese before the Emperor family declared the dominance in the 5th century ate lots of acorns, along with newly introduced rice … Have you heard that this summer City of Sagamihara, neighbor of Yokohama, had a problem of bears coming to town to feed themselves out of trash bins? 




If you find a problem in the Park, please make a contact with

Office for the Park Greeneries in the North 北部公園緑地事務所
Yokohama Municipal Government Creative Environment Policy Bureau 横浜市環境創造局
Phone: 045-311-2016 (I guess in Japanese only)
FAX: 045-316-8420 (I hope there is somebody who can read English …)


Friday, August 14, 2015

Home Sweet Home: Wuethrich Citizen Forest ウィトリッヒの森


  

After Commodore Matthew Perry of the US prized open a Japanese door in 1853, Yokohama became the first port of call for expats coming to Japan. Some of them decided to stay in the area and they gave the color of the City as an international place. One of those people who established a family of him/herself was Arnold Wuethrich. Wuethrich was born in Bern, Switzerland, became an engineer (wow, studied in the place where Einstein presented Theory of Relativity?), came to Japan, and married to a local girl, Hide Tsuda 津田ひ亭. In 1933, he built a house near JR Totsuka Station 戸塚駅, and died in 1983 in Yokohama. During the interwar years of the 1920s and the 30s, the southern area of the present-day Yokohama and the City of Kamakura were a fashionable area where upper-middle to upper class people built “western-style” houses. Their way of life, e.g., the design of houses, daily meals they ate, wives’ fashion, etc. became the foundation of the current Japanese styles. The Wuethrichs would have been one of those families contributed to the establishment of modern Japanese family life. Many of remaining houses including Wuethrich House around the area are now designated as “important cultural heritage” by local or national governments. During his long life in Japan, Arnold bought 3.2 ha land within a 10 minutes car-ride from his home. According to his widow Hide, he thought the place looked similar to the forest of his hometown in Switzerland. (Anything is relative …) Before passing away, Hide donated the forest to the City in 1985. The place joined Yokohama Citizen Forest family, and opened as Wuethrich Citizen Forest in 1987.

To go to Wuethrich Forest, the nearest railway station is Totsuka Station of JR Tokaido/Yokosuka Line. Leave the Station from the West Exit connected to Totsuka Bus Center. From there, take Kanachu Bus Route TO-55 or 56 (戸-55, 戸-56), and get off at Yokohama Medical Center 横浜医療センター. At the corner of the Medical Center, there is Taisho Fire Station 大正消防署 and a traffic light. We start to walk the pedestrian lane opposite to the Center and Fire Station, and turn right at the next corner from the traffic light. This road is straight; first on the right is Taisho Junior-high 大正中学校, and then on the left there is a care-house for elderly run by Franciscan Missionaries of Mary 聖母の園修道会. Keep proceeding, and we see the care-house eventually becomes a convent, and beyond is the forest. This is Wuethrich Forest. (Map here.) Unfortunately, there is no parking for Wuethrich Forest.

The straight road to the Forest
The sign post at the entrance of Wuethrich Forest

Mr. and Mrs. Wuethrich loved to tend this place. The trees and bamboos they cared in the 1940s and the 1950s now become a well-established forest. The undergrowth of the Forest preserves native orchids and ferns. They are vigorous. The couple planted several fruit trees around their arbor. The place once the structure stood is now called Arinko Hiroba (アリンコ広場 Ants Space), where the trees are still producing the bounty. The Forest is home for my insects … ants, cicadas, butterflies, beetles (of several kinds), fireflies, dragonflies, and, of course, mosquitos.

A very large persimmon tree
with lots of fruits.
They’ll be sweet coming fall.
J
Arinko Hiroba with picnic tables
I found a cast-off shell of a cicada in Arinko Hiroba.




The 900 m trekking road of the Forest is well-cared by the volunteers and without compaction. Following the standard of Yokohama Citizen Forest, Wuethrich Forest is hilly. When we enter the forest from the direction of the Medical Center, the entrance, Chirorin Open Space チロリン広場, is almost at the top of the Forest. The open space has a toilet, and the trekking roads go down from here with 25 m difference of elevation. I don’t think the place is Alpine. Arnold must have found something in the Forest. Home is where you think it is ... 

Toilet





The western entrance

If you find a problem in the Park, please make a contact with

Office for the Park Greeneries in the South 南部公園緑地事務所
Yokohama Municipal Government Creative Environment Policy Bureau 横浜市環境創造局
Phone: 045-831-8484 (I guess in Japanese only)
FAX: 045-831-9389 (I hope there is somebody who can read English …)


Friday, July 3, 2015

Ancient Sanurais’ Dreams: Kozukue-johshi Citizen Forest 小机城址市民の森


夏草や兵どもが夢の跡(なつくさやつわものどもがゆめのあと)
Natsu-kusa ya / tsuwamono-domo ga / yume no ato

The summer grass-
It is all that's left
of ancient warriors dreams

Matsuo Bajoh 松尾芭蕉

JR Yokohama Line Kozukue Station 小机駅 is the nearest station for NissanYokohama Stadium, the home for Yokohama Marinos FC, and the place where the championship match was held for 2002 FIFA World Cup. Not far from the Stadium, there is another old battle ground, Kozukue-johshi 小机城址 that is now a Yokohama Citizen Forest.

When we leave the station, we find a large notice board for Nissan Stadium. Opposite to this board, take a small road to the west along the railway. After observing a railroad crossing on the left, go ahead a way to a half-residential / half-agricultural area.  Soon, you will find a familiar map board for the Citizen Forest system, for Kozukue Forest, in a residential area, not in the forest. It means the place is loved by the locals. Actually, every April, they have a festival to celebrate the history of the Forest. (The photos of Festival Parade 2015 are here.) After finding the Map, keep going to the flyover of Daisan-keihin Toll Road 第三京浜 that in1965 divided the original Kozukue Forest in half. Turn right before the under-flyover. Eventually, we are welcomed by the Forest. (Map here and here.) Right after entering into the forest, there is a toilet and a potable water faucet for Kozukue Forest.

Near the railroad crossing
 
When I’ve been there,
on the right from the station was a field for green onions.

The map of the Forest,
already shown in the residential area,
and a sign post for the Forest.
The Forest over there
Toilet

Once upon a time, Japan was divided by numerous warlords. Sometime in early 15th century, a chieftain (we do not know exactly who) found the area near current Nissan Stadium strategically important, and built a fortress that later became a castle called Kozukue. Then in 1478, there was a battle for the domination of the area among warlords one of whom was the first unifying conqueror of Edo (i.e. Tokyo) area, Ohta Dohkan 太田道灌. His soldiers massacred the samurais who were besieged in Kozukue Caslte, and made the nearby rice paddy a blood bath. (The place is now called Akata Yato 赤田谷戸, i.e. Red Rice Paddy.) Later in the middle of the 16th century, another warlord rebuilt the castle to strengthen the line of defense for their master (Gohohjoh clan 後北条 ) in Odawara Castle 小田原城. When in 1590 Odawara Castle was taken by Toyotomi Hideyoshi 豊臣秀吉, and Tokugawa Ieyasu 徳川家康 made Edo and surrounding area (Yokohama inclusive) his home, Kozukue Castle was demolished for good. (The history of the area, in Japanese, is explained in this Wiki.) So this Citizen Forest is the remains of a medieval castle for war.

More flashy sort of Japanese castles preserved now (e.g., Odawara Castle) are the architecture constructed after the 17th century. Ieyasu was the champion of warlords so that he and his descendants never allowed the other families to build anything suitable for a battle of medieval kind. The castles permitted to exist after 1600 still keeps mort and other functions for war, but they are more appropriate for offices where samurais commuted daily to govern their territory. Kozukue Castle was different. The entire Forest is one of the best kept remains for the structure of medieval war castle in Japan.

Dry mort
ditto

When you walk inside Kozukue Forest, you know why the Castle was ordered to be demolished by the ultimate warlord. In a rather limited area (4.6 ha), the ground was like a maze. According to the educational board in Honmaru Hiroba (The Inner Citadel Open Space本丸広場), the 15th century warlords first situated defense structures according to war-games they mentally played based on the geography of surrounding area; the north of the castle is Tsurumi River 鶴見川, and the south is small but steep hills. They then dug deep / piled-up high the ground to construct the system of dry mort (which is more difficult to cross than the watery kind) and lookouts. The road (about 1 km in total) within the Forest is to connect each facility in an efficient manner, but not to allow outsiders to navigate easily. There are 4 entrances, 3 of which face to the hilly, i.e. allied (the direction to Odawara Castle), side.

To the Inner Citadel
The remains of lookout.
The base is stone with holes for wooden pillars.
The Inner Citadel entrance.
All the roads within the Forest repeat steep up and down.
The way connecting the Inner Citadel
and Ninomaru (the Outer Citadel
二の丸).

I don’t know if the vegetation of the Forest was strategically chosen for war. The outer layer of the forest is broad leaf trees, and inside especially along the road linking the facilities is beautiful bamboos. The bamboo part is tended by Japan Bamboo Fun Club ( 日本竹ファンクラブ for volunteering information with them, click here) who, I think, do a wonderful job to keep the atmosphere of ancient war castle. The mort is mainly with broad leaf trees. Both Inner and Outer Citadel Open spaces have picnic benches.

Honmaru Hiroba
Ninomaru Hiroba

To go to the divided part of the remains, we first have to return to the residential area, cross the Daisan Keihin under the flyover, then turn right immediately. Ahead is another side of the Forest. This part has only one road along the Daisan Keihin (; a road in the map to the other way was impassable as of June 2015). This is the road which permits us to go to the river (i.e. enemy) side of the Forest. It would have been like this for 500 years … 

The another sign for the Forest
The steps
leading to the remaining part of the Forest
Beyond the fence is the Freeway.

If you like, from the river side exit, we can go to the pedestrian bank of Tsurumi River where cherry blossoms are heavenly in early spring. The nearest bridge to cross Tsurumi River from here is the bridge leading us to IKEA. Before IKEA, there is a dim-sum factory of Kiyoken 崎陽軒 on the right. They are making pork dumplings for Train Station Lunches (“Ekiben” 駅弁 ) of Yokohama Station. Their daily output of lunches is more than 20,000 units which makes them the most popular Station Lunch in Japan.  The plant tour of this factory is always fully-booked for 3 months (for reservation, click here for phone number). This factory has a small kiosk where we can enjoy freshly made pork dumplings between 10:00-16:00.

Kiyoken Factory
Petit Pork buns (100 yen)

If you find a problem in the Park, please make a contact with

Office for the Park Greeneries in the North 北部公園緑地事務所
Yokohama Municipal Government Creative Environment Policy Bureau 横浜市環境創造局
Phone: 045-311-2016 (I guess in Japanese only)
FAX: 045-316-8420 (I hope there is somebody who can read English …)